Methotrexate – 50mg

Classification – Anticancer Medicine

What is Methotrexate?

It is an anticancer medicine that has multiple uses. It is used against many cancers and autoimmune diseases.

Uses of Methotrexate

  • • Blood cancers
  • • Lymphomas
  • • Bladder cancer
  • • Lung cancers
  • • Sarcomas
  • • Arthritis
  • • Psoriatic arthritis
  • • Lupus erythematosus
  • • Crohn’s disease

Common Side Effects

  • • Nausea
  • • Vomiting
  • • Reduced appetite
  • • Tiredness
  • • Mouth ulcers
  • • Diarrhea
  • • Photosensitivity
  • • Skin rashes

Serious Side Effects

  • • Bone marrow suppression
  • • Liver dysfunction
  • • Lung toxicity
  • • Kidney toxicity
  • • Headache
  • • Dizziness
  • • Seizure

How Does Methotrexate Work?

Methotrexate inhibits several nucleotide synthesis enzymes:

  • • Inhibiting inflammation – used in arthritis
  • • Cell division – used in cancer treatment

Contraindication

  • • Its use is contraindicated in patients who have an allergy to methotrexate or a history of hypersensitivity to any excipients.
  • • Patients with impaired renal and hepatic functions.

Toxicities

  • • Bone Marrow Suppression
  • • Hepato-toxicity
  • • Nephrotoxicity
  • • Pulmonary Toxicity
  • • Neurotoxicity related to high doses
  • • Gastrointestinal toxicity

Precautions

  • • To be used cautiously in renal insufficiency and impaired hepatology function.
  • • Should not be used in pregnant and lactating mothers, as it may cause teratogenic effects.

Warnings

Should be given under the supervision of an oncologist or a medical practitioner.
Take folic acid supplementation to reduce side effects.

Important Monitoring Instruction

Access for mouth ulcers, liver tests, lung functions, and skin infections.

  • • Liver functions
  • • Lung functions

Drug Interactions

Always avoid NSAIDs, alcohol, and live vaccines.

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