"Antivirals Aim To Reduce The Global Hepatitis Burden"
Millions Miss Hepatitis – Unknowingly
Hepatitis makes one sick without any symptoms. Often ignored, it leads to severe liver inflammation, liver damage, fibrosis, and cirrhosis.
Acute Hepatitis
It’s the first stage, gets cured itself, and may last up to 6 months.
Chronic Hepatitis
It’s a serious condition, if untreated, may lead to liver damage.
Hepatitis Can Be Both Viral and Non-Viral
Viral Hepatitis
5 distinct viruses are causing Hepatitis: A, B, C, D, and E. However, Hepatitis B and C remain the focus, as the most prevalent and lethal viruses.
Non-Viral Hepatitis
It can be caused by – Excessive alcohol consumption, Autoimmune diseases, Metabolic disorders.
Hepatitis B Medicine Suppliers
The Modes of Viral Transmission
Hepatitis Viruses Are Transmitted Through : • Unprotected sex • Infected mother to the child in the womb • Infected body fluids, vaginal and seminal fluids • Infected needles and syringes • Hepatitis A through contaminated food and water
Hepatitis Caused by Viruses Necessitates the Need for Antiviral – Therapy
Antiviral Therapies Target The Viral DNA
• Suppresses viral replication
• Prevents disease progression (Chronic Hepatitis, Cirrhosis, Liver Cancer)
• Lowering the viral load improves liver function
• Reduces the risk of transmission
Hepatitis B is a Viral Infection Caused by HBV:
Antivirals For Hepatitis B –
Nucleot(s)-IDE Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors –
NRTs competitively bind to the DNA elongation chain and inhibit HBV polymerase, causing DNA replication.
Strongly Preferred Due To :
Strong Activity – Effectively lowers the viral load.
Well Tolerated – Have favorable safety profiles, less likely to cause nephrotoxicity or bone loss.
Less Resistance – Can be used for a long time without developing resistance.
Older Drugs-
Telbivudine, lamuvidine , Adefovir dipivoxil
Other Drugs –
Emtricitabine – Is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, used in combination therapy in chronic hepatitis B infection.
Clevudine- Not widely used, due to safety concerns and higher resistance.
Immunomodulators-
Interferon-Alpha (INF-α) – has limited use due to potential side effects and lower efficacy.
Drug Resistance Poses a Significant Challenge in CHB Therapy
• HBV virus mutates rapidly, changing its genetic composition.
• The mutant HBV develops resistance to drug therapy.
• 70% of the people, after prolonged use, do not respond to the vital therapy.
How To Curb Drug Resistance?
- Use first-line treatment drugs.
- Use combination therapies
- Regular monitoring of the viral load
- Strictly adhere to the treatment
- Early detection of resistance
- Change drugs if resistance persists.
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FAQ
Causative agent – HBV
It is of two types-
• Acute Hepatitis B
• Chronic Hepatitis B
It can be managed and controlled through antiviral therapy.
• Tenofovir Alafenamide – Tafsure
• Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate – Tudobest
• Improves liver functions
• Improving immunity
• reduces the risk of transmission
The modern antiviral medicines are usually well-tolerated, offering fewer side effects.
• Tenofovir alafenamide
• Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate
Reduces the risk of transmission
Improves liver health
Inhibits viral cell multiplication and division.
• Shortness of breath
• Dizziness
• Fluid retention
• Headache
• Muscle pain
• Yellowish coloration of skin, urine
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