Bleomycin

Classification – Anticancer medicine

What is Bleomycin?

It is an anticancer medicine derived from a bacterium and is widely used for solid tumors and various cancers of the head and neck.

Uses of Bleomycin

  • Squamous tissue Carcinomas – head, neck, penis, uvula
  • Hodgkin’s lymphoma
  • Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
  • Pleural Effusion, Malignant
  • Testicular Carcinoma

How does it work?

It breaks the DNA strands, inhibiting their replication or multiplication.

Common side effects

  • Fever and chills
  • Mouth ulcers
  • Skin rashes
  • GIT upset
  • Hair loss
  • Tiredness
  • Reduced appetite

Serious side effects

  • Bone marrow suppression
  • Liver toxicity
  • Severe skin peeling, ulceration
  • Scarring of lung tissue
  • Pulmonary toxicity – shortness of breath
  • Allergic reaction – difficulty breathing, skin flare

Precautions

To be cautiously used in –

  • Pre-existing respiratory disorders
  • Smoking
  • Elderly patients
  • Heart problems
  • Kidney impairment
  • Undergoing surgery
  • Concurrent radiation therapy

Contraindications

Not to be used in patients-

  • Hypersensitivity to bleomycin
  • Pregnant and breastfeeding women

Warnings

Prescription drug to be used under medical supervision.

Important safety and monitoring information

  • Respiratory functions
  • Liver functions
  • Kidney functions
  • Blood count
  • Local necrosis

Storage

Store at 2-8 degrees Celsius.

Protected from light.

Administration Instructions

To be administered as a slow IV infusion over 15–60 minutes.

Globally prescribed bleomycin formulation –Bleokey

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