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Liver Health Has Been the Overlooked Challenge for Over All Wellbeing
Liver plays a crucial role in body metabolism, excretion, detoxification, digestion, hormone regulation and immune function.
The prevailing diseases of the liver and the rise in liver cancer shifts the focus to liver health.
Medicine For Liver Disease
Causes of Liver Disease?
• Genetics
• Autoimmune diseases
• Excessive alcohol use
• Obesity
• Viruses
• Reaction to medication
• Toxins
How does liver Disease Progress?
Often, the liver disease potentiates from inflammation, the inflammation triggers the immune response to produce collagen and as the inflammation persists, the excess collagen builds up, stiffening the liver tissues.
A Vicious Cycle of Liver Disease –
Liver injury → Inflammation → Collagen production (fibrosis) → More inflammation → Worsening fibrosis → Cirrhosis.
Types of Liver Diseases
1. Metabolic Liver Disorders-
Fatty Liver Diseases – when liver is unable to metabolize excessive fat, it accumulates in the liver causing fatty liver.
• NAFLD – It is non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, causing stiffness and accumulation of excessive fat in the liver. It may be caused due to obesity, dietary and lifestyle factors.
• AFLD – It is alcohol induced fatty liver disease, the intake of excessive alcohol injure the liver tissue causing excessive accumulation of fat in the liver.
• Steatohepatitis– Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (ASH), Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH)
2. Infectious Liver Disorder
Viral Hepatitis -A, B, C – it is the inflammation of the liver induced by virus.
3. Immune Induced Liver Disorder
Autoimmune hepatitis, Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC), Primary Biliary Cholangitis (PBC)
4. Drug-Induced (Drug-Induced Liver Injury, DILI)
Liver disease caused due to dietary supplements, medications like antibiotics, anti-pyretic etc.
5. Genetic liver disorders
Congenital or inherited liver diseases- Hemochromatosis, Wilson disease.
6. Structural , chronic liver disorders
Fibrosis (Scarring)-the prolonged inflammation causes scarring of the liver tissue due to accumulation of excessive collagen in response to inflammation.
Cirrhosis (Severe Scarring)-fibrosis if untreated leads to a severe scar, in which immune system, recognizing the inflammation produces more and more collagen, unable to stop.
Liver failure –after the complete inflammation of the liver cells and tissues, building excessive fat caused stiffing of the liver and the ultimate damage causing liver failure ,where liver fails to function.
7. Liver cancer (Hepatocellular carcinoma)
It is the primary form of liver cancer, aggressive cancer, most common in people – often the advanced liver disease or cirrhosis progresses to cancer.
Symptoms of Liver Disorders
Early or Initial Symptoms –
Nausea, vomiting, fatigue, pain or sore under ribs, small spider veins on your skin above waist, reddish discoloration of the palms
Red flag Symptoms Indicating Advanced Liver Disease:
• Jaundice – yellowing of the skin, eyes
• Vomiting blood
• Dark stool- black
• Unable to breath
• Feeling unusually confused or hard to stay awake
Treatment Options for Liver Disorders
First Line Treatment for Fatty Liver and Early Damage –
Lifestyle changes, Diet, balance weight, Stop Alcohol, managing chronic issues like diabetes, cholesterol.
Medical Treatments for Liver Diseases:
I. Fatty liver Disease– ursodeoxycholic acid – Udikast-300
Obeticholic Acid- Ocabest -10
1. Antiviral Therapy :
Hepatitis B
Entakavir- Entekor
Tenofovir Alafenamide- Tafsure
Hepatitis C
Sofosbuvir + Velpatasavir – Velakast
Daclatasvir- Dacikast
2. Immunosuppressant’s for autoimmune liver disorder – Corticosteroids
Prednisolone
3. Anti-fibro tics for liver fibrosis – pirfenidone, (Esbriet®).
4. Anti-cancers agents –chemotherapeutic agents used for liver cancer
Doxorubicin- Dorucin 50
Cisplatin –Cycokast 50
