Efavirenz + Emtricitabine + Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate

Emtricitabine, Tenofovir, and Efavirenz

Composition:

• Emtricitabine – 200mg
• Tenofovir – 300mg
• Efavirenz – 600mg

Classification: HIV Medicine

Why Emtricitabine + Tenofovir + Efavirenz Combination?

It is the drug combination therapy used as primary treatment for HIV-1 infection.

Uses

• HIV-1 infections
• Post-exposure prophylaxis treatment

Working of the Emtricitabine + Tenofovir + Efavirenz Combination

The potent combination inhibits different steps of viral replication and multiplication. It offers synergistic viral suppression.

Common Side Effects

• Headache
• Dizziness
• Insomnia, nightmares
• GIT upset – diarrhea, nausea, vomiting
• Skin rashes
• Muscle pain

Serious Side Effects

• Neurological side effects (efavirenz) – depression, anxiety, seizures
• Liver dysfunctions – jaundice, hepatitis
• Fluid retention, changes in urine
• Buildup of lactic acid in the blood
• Bone loss – fractures, bone pain
• Hypersensitive reaction – fever, rash, swollen lymph nodes

Precautions

To be used cautiously in people with:

• Neuropsychiatric disorders
• Kidney diseases
• Liver diseases
• Pregnancy
• Breastfeeding
• Elderly patients
• Osteoporosis or bone disorder
• Other drugs – risk of drug interactions

Contraindications

• Severe liver dysfunction
• Severe kidney diseases
• Hypersensitivity or allergy to the drug components

Warnings

To be used under medical prescription.

In hepatitis co-infection, stop treatment by tapering the dose.

Important Monitoring Considerations

Check for –

• Lactic acidosis
• Liver function – elevated liver enzymes
• Kidney functions
• Viral loads (HIV, HBV)
• Bone health
• Neurological condition
• Lipid profile and sugar levels

Drug Interactions

• Anticonvulsant
• Antifungals
• Cholesterol medicines – statins
• Anti-tubercular
• NSAIDs and other nephrology drugs
• Psychiatric medicines – sedatives, antidepressants

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