What is Uterine Cancer?

The cancer that is caused in the uterus.

The Types of Uterine Cancer

Uterine cancer is of two types –

• • Cancer of the epidermal layer – It is a cancer that develops in the innermost layer of the uterus.
• • Myometrial sarcoma – It is a cancer that develops in the tissues of the uterus.

Symptoms of Uterine Cancer

• • Unusual vaginal bleeding
• • Pelvic pain
• • Pain during intercourse
• • Abrupt weight loss
• • Indigestion
• • Changes in urination
• • Pain in the back
• • Pain in the legs
• • Weakness
• • A lump in the pelvis and swelling
• • Vaginal discharge

What Are the Risk Factors of Uterine Cancer?

• • Post Menopause – The risk of cancer arises in women reaching an older age due to hormonal changes.
• • Thickened uterus lining – When the endometrium layer is unable to shed, it becomes dense, increasing the risk of cancer.
• • Early onset of periods – Early periods and lifelong exposure to estrogen, without progesterone balance, increase the risk of cancer.
• • Obesity – Fats get converted to androgen and thus increase estrogen levels, which thicken the endometrium.
• • Diabetes – High insulin levels in the blood increase the risk of the propagation of endothelial cells.
• • Early cancer or cancer treatment – Ovarian tumor or breast cancer, and the cancer treatment, increases the risk of uterine cancer.
• • Family history – When cancer runs in the family, any close relative has had uterine cancer.
• • Genetic condition – Inherited mutations or genetic conditions like Lynch Syndrome.
• • Ovarian tumors – The tumors in the ovary increase the risk of developing hormone-sensitive cancer.
• • Polycystic ovary syndrome – Irregular ovulation or an excess of ovulation, causing hormonal imbalance, leading to increased estrogen levels.
• • Contraceptive or other hormonal therapy – Estrogen therapy causes an imbalance in progesterone levels, increasing the risk of cancer.

Treatments For Uterine Cancer

• • Surgery – It is the surgical removal of the uterus and cervix, or the fallopian tubes and ovaries, to prevent cancer recurrence, as the ovaries produce estrogen.
• • Radiation therapy – It is the use of external radiation or a radioactive material placed internally in the uterus.
• • Hormone therapy – Usually given in recurrent cancers. Progesterone-based drugs are used to shrink tumors and control cancer symptoms.
• • Chemotherapy – Chemotherapy is given for cancers that are not responding to hormone therapy.
• • Targeted therapy – It is the drug combination that targets the cancer cells with less harm to the healthy cells. Lenvakast (lenvatinib) is widely used and highly prescribed by oncologists for endometrial cancer that has spread or has come back.
• • Immunotherapy – It consists of the administration of antibodies effective against the cancer.

What Are the Medicines for Uterine Cancer?

• • Paclitaxel – Paclikast, Nab-paclikast
• • Carboplatin – Carbokast
• • Cisplatin – Cycokast
• • Doxorubicin – Dorucin
• • Docetaxel – Docekast
• • Gemcitabine – Apragem
• • Lenvatinib – Lenvakast

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