Lamivudine

Classification – HIV medicine

What is Lamivudine?

It is an anti-HIV medicine widely used in combination as treatment for HIV infections and Hepatitis B infections.

Doctors’ prescribed anticancer formulation – Lamipure

Uses of Lamivudine

  • • Chronic Hepatitis B
  • • First-line treatment for HIV infection

Working of Lamivudine

  • • It copies DNA bases and inhibits chain elongation
  • • Inhibits viral replication
  • • Causes viral cell death

Benefits

  • • Well tolerated
  • • Widely used maintenance therapy for HIV
  • • Double action – HIV and Hepatitis B
  • • Improves liver function
  • • Lowers viral load

Common Side Effects

  • • Nasal congestion
  • • Cough
  • • Headache
  • • Stomach pain
  • • Indigestion – diarrhea, nausea
  • • Tiredness
  • • Muscle pain, joint pain
  • • Sore throat

Serious Side Effects

  • • Hepatomegaly – jaundice, yellowish urine
  • • Lactic acidosis – breathing problems
  • • Liver inflammation
  • • Inflammation of the pancreas in children
  • • Risk of severe infections
  • • Allergic reaction

Precautions

To be used cautiously in:

  • • Liver diseases
  • • Kidney impairment
  • • Co-infections with Hepatitis B
  • • Pregnant and lactating women

Contraindications

  • • Severe liver dysfunction
  • • Hypersensitivity or allergic reaction to the drug or its excipients

Warnings

  • • To be used under medical prescription
  • • Discontinuing immediately in Hepatitis B patients may cause serious hepatitis flare-ups

Important Monitoring Considerations

Check for –

  • • Lactic acidosis
  • • Liver function – elevated liver enzymes
  • • Viral loads (HIV, HBV)
  • • Pancreatitis

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